CHILD TRAFFICKING IN INDIA: A CRITICAL LEGAL ANALYSIS OF PREVENTION, PROTECTION, AND REHABILITATION MECHANISMS

Abstract

Child trafficking represents one of the most serious violations of children's rights and human dignity. In India, children are trafficked for forced labour, sexual exploitation, domestic servitude, begging, child marriage, illegal adoption, and other forms of exploitation. Despite constitutional guarantees, comprehensive statutory protections, and international commitments, child trafficking continues to pose a significant challenge to the legal and administrative system. This article critically examines the legal framework governing the prevention, protection, and rehabilitation of child trafficking victims in India. Using a doctrinal research methodology, the study analyzes constitutional provisions, statutory laws, judicial decisions, and policy measures relating to child trafficking. The paper argues that while India possesses a relatively extensive legal framework, implementation gaps, inadequate rehabilitation mechanisms, low conviction rates, and weak inter-agency coordination continue to hinder effective protection of children. The study concludes by recommending stronger enforcement mechanisms, victim-centered rehabilitation policies, specialized anti-trafficking institutions, and enhanced coordination among stakeholders.